Hepatitis A and B

Caused by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV), which is primarily spread through the consumption of contaminated food or water.

Caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is primarily spread through contact with infected blood, sexual contact, and from mother to child at birth.

Most often an acute and short-term illness.

Can develop into a chronic condition and lead to long-term health problems such as cirrhosis of the liver or liver cancer.

Vaccination is recommended for travelers to areas with a high incidence of HAV and in certain risk groups.

Vaccination is recommended for all infants as part of the routine vaccination program, healthcare workers, people at high risk of exposure through blood and body fluids, and travelers to areas with a high prevalence of HBV.

Good hygiene and sanitation, including hand washing and safe food and drink handling, are important preventative measures.

Safe sex, avoiding sharing needles and other equipment that can carry blood, and vaccination are important preventive measures.

There is no specific treatment beyond supportive care. The body is usually able to fight the virus on its own.

May include antiviral medications to reduce the risk of chronic disease and its complications. Treatment needs depend on the stage and severity of the disease.